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1. Article2026Open Access

   Following the evidence: Mapping the cited scientific base of Brazil’s public health guidelines(opens in a new tab)

   

   Cabral, Bernardo Pereira; Tetzner, Gabriela Araujo; Salles Filho, Sérgio; Pereira, Cesar A. Guimarães; Hollanda, Sandra; Cristofoletti, Evandro Coggo; Pinto, Karen Esteves Fernandes; Juk, Yohanna Vieira; Araujo, Iago; Toledo, Carlos; Cordeiro, Vinícius; Silva, Gessica

   In Brazil, health policy formulation, particularly through Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines (PCDTs), is significantly influenced by scientific evidence. The National Commission for the Incorporation of Technologies into the Unified Health System (CONITEC) approves these PCDTs to standardize healthcare practices, thereby exemplifying the nexus of scientific research and policy. This study analyzes the scientific literature referenced in the PCDTs approved by CONITEC, exploring the flow of knowledge from global scientific research to Brazil’s health policy. Our approach involved a data pipeline for collecting, preprocessing, and analyzing information from scientific publications cited in all CONITEC’s PCDT reports published until 2023. The process encompasses web scraping, pattern recognition, and bibliometric analysis. The study identified references predominantly from the United States and the United Kingdom, with notable contributions from Brazilian sources. Cited research is almost entirely written in English and published in high-impact factor English-language journals. These findings document the global influence on Brazil’s health policies, with a substantial portion of the cited scientific evidence originating from international sources.

   DOI: 10.1162/qss.a.505Public healthCommissionScientific literature
2. Article2026Open Access

   Studying the scientific diaspora: going beyond bibliometric methods(opens in a new tab)

   

   Carneiro, Ana Maria; Pereira, Cesar A. Guimarães; Meireles, Flavia; Romolo, Renata

   Funded by FAPESP, UNICAMP

   The international mobility of highly qualified scientists has drawn increasing attention from researchers and policymakers, especially regarding scientific diaspora networks. These networks enable exchange of knowledge and technology and academic collaboration, benefiting sending and receiving countries. Bibliometric methods have been widely used to track academic mobility flows, analyzing institutional affiliations and collaboration patterns. However, such methods have limitations for investigating the scientific diaspora, as they do not allow the identification of researchers’ nationality or birthplace. The aim of this article is to propose a multi-method approach to overcome these limitations, combining bibliometric techniques with supplemental sources, such as academic CV, institutional databases, and qualitative information. We applied this methodology to study scientific collaborations on COVID-19 involving the Brazilian scientific diaspora from 2020 to 2022, a period characterized by intense international cooperation. This analysis included variables such as gender, academic background, professional activity, and co-authorship patterns. Results show that the proposed approach enables more robust identification of diaspora researchers and their interactions with Brazil, which can provide relevant insights for science policies and engagement strategies of the diaspora. We conclude that the combination of bibliometric and qualitative data is essential for a better understanding of academic mobility and scientific diaspora dynamics, thereby contributing to the development of more effective policies for managing highly qualified human capital.

   DOI: 10.1007/s11192-026-05723-wDiasporaBibliometricsNationalityScientific literatureScientometrics